My point is, permanent annexation doesn't always make sense and the game doesn't provide enough context to justify it. Or Sparta getting conquered for less than 2-3 years, but unable to be released and restored, and so on. Then there is Judea as an example - gets annexed by many regional powers but its population remains mostly unchanged, so it should restore the old state even if it is under new government/dynasty. They kept reemerging from the ashes of every Indian empire's collapse, until very close to the CK2 start date. change of generation).Īnd there are certain nations that should always exist, like the Mahajanpad kingdoms of India that reemerged following the end of Shunga Empire (the successor of Mauryan Empire), and existed until Kushan Empire annexed most of them. But that kind of change should only happen when the cultural/religious demographic of the area has shifted away from the original, and at least a few decades have passed (i.e. What you say is true, and I partially agree. If you however forcefully vassalize rome after diminishing it's size, then you have willfully kept the existing government intact and merely shackled it into your existing bureaucracy. It wouldn't be the same republic, for you must understand that in this time period, the ability to freely wage war is what defines the sovereignty of a country, lacking that you're just a province with internal autonomy. Once you've fully annexed rome, you have dismantled the government and either killed, enslaved, banished, or incorporated what's left of the roman political dynasties into your own state. ![]() It also makes sense that you can vassalize rome but not release it as a client state. It makes sense that a free and independent country might reform the old republic, because people are always trying to reform old empires. Once that happens,The roman republic is dead, and whatever client state you create will not be the same. If you conquered all roman land, you shouldn't be able to release Rome as a vassal. Now for the hypothetical, if they had decided to make a client state instead of annexing carthage as a province, after destroying their government, what would be left would not be carthage, but roman carthage, and it would not be the same. Many carthaginians died in the 3 year siege, and the government was destroyed. Now, rome had to invade them to integrate them, so they "annexed" them like in game after a war. Unlike any subject state they had no guarantee that rome will protect them, like when the numidians raided in 151 BC. Like client states they can't cancel the relationship without a war. Like tributaries, there was never a demand that carthage help in rome's wars, they have limited diplomacy and they pay money to their overlord, but cannot be integrated. In game terms they were somewhere between a tributary and a client state. After the second punic war, Carthage had no land outside Africa (What would become the roman province of the same name), They were forced to pay an indemnity to Rome, they also could not got to war without approval from the Roman senate and all border disputes were to be settled by the roman senate. ![]() Click to expand.I actually disagree with this.
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![]() Over here you grab a cup of coffee on the go rather than share a freshly brewed pot of coffee with your co-workers. When Anna invited me into the project I didn’t hesitate, as it was about time to teach the world about Fika. And as Anna and I already had worked on several Swedish baking articles together, we knew we were a perfect team.Īs a baker I’ve been profoundly influenced by Swedish baking culture in particular, why do you think people’s attitudes towards coffee breaks are so special in Scandinavia?Īnna: It’s funny, because if you talk to anyone in Sweden, they would probably tell you that there is nothing “special” about their coffee break. That is to say, fika is such a normal tradition that it’s just a thing that people do without thinking about it. But then you will talk to Swedes who have left Sweden, and it’s something that they really miss. I think the Swedish attitude towards coffee seems special to those of us outside of Sweden because it’s so focused on taking a break and enjoying the good things in life. In our modern world where everything is fast, and most often our “coffee breaks” are drinking a cup of coffee in front of our computer screens, making time to actually take a break and slow down is a really special thing, and probably something that most of us should be doing more of. Johanna: I never thought the ritual around coffee breaks was that special until I came to NYC. And for Swedes the coffee break is essential. It’s when you catch up with your colleagues at work, meet an old friend or hear the latest news from your next door neighbour. The idea is that you get a short break to focus on something else. After the break you can continue with whatever you were doing, and in my opinion more efficiently. ![]() I think it’s part of the way people live in Scandinavia, work is important but if you want to do it well you value your coffee breaks, social life and long vacations. And there is no shame in it! Its just natural. What are your personal favourite and most nostalgic recipes in the book?Īnna: I am always going to have a thing for kardemummabullar (cardamom buns). This is one of the most iconic Swedish baked goods, and it’s not one that I have a lot because it takes a long time to make. On the flip side, my other favourite is for the complete opposite reason: chokladbollar, which are also quite iconic and you will find in any Swedish cafe, are super easy to whip up, so it’s my go-to recipe when I need something for fika and don’t have a lot of time. Johanna: Kardemummabullar (cardamom buns) is surely my most favourite recipe in the book. ![]() It reminds me of my grandmother, who always had them ready when we came to visit. Today I always make half the batch as buns (like my grandmother did) and the other half as a braided wreath. The wreath feels special and a welcoming treat when having friends over for coffee. I’m also very fond of our Anise & Hazelnut Biscotti which are not at all Swedish, but a great staple to have around. It was also the first thing Anna and I baked together when we met for the first time in 2012. Fix for PlayStation 4 audio cutting out.Additional optimizations to help stuttering.Increased Chance to Spawn Wrath when killing an Enemy on Rage Enhancement.Increased Lurcher Reward from destroying breakables on Leviathan Enhancement.Increased Health Regeneration on Leviathan Enhancement.Increased Health and Damage amounts on Fortifier Enhancement.Increased Havoc Generation on Obscurus Enhancement.Fury will no longer take damage while performing an Arcane Counters.Fix for Abraxis Health bar showing up but he is missing.Cycling difficulty options while in game will not affect actual difficulty unless it is changed.Fix for some checkpoints that weren’t registering.This will also fix previous saves with this issue. Fix for Force Coral where it wouldn’t break correctly.Also, rebalanced leveling curve post level 80 as well as stat rewards. Return to an apocalyptic Earth in Darksiders III, a hack-n-slash Action Adventure where players assume the role of FURY in her quest to hunt down and. ![]()
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![]() Love had become famous as a former slave turned Black cowboy whose feats of riding, roping, and shooting had earned him the folkloric nickname Deadwood Dick. One particularly famous individual such porter, Nat Love, represents the links between the evolving role of the Pullman porter and images of the American Dream. Lyrics to “Levee Song,” The Princeton Song Book, 1898 ( Wikimedia Commons)Īfrican American railroad workers performed a wide variety of railroad work, but beginning in the late 19 th century and continuing for much of the 20 th, one of the most common roles was that of Pullman porter. But in any case a song still sung by countless schoolchildren needs to be better remembered in connection with these complex cultural contexts. ![]() It’s possible that the unceasing and dreary work performed by the song’s speaker reflects labor and/or racial histories beyond these troublingly stereotyping and mythologized elements. The enduringly popular song “ I’ve Been Working on the Railroad” originated with 1894’s “Levee Song,” a minstrel show text performed in a stereotypical dialect and featuring lines such as “Sing a song o’ the city/Roll dat cotton bale/N***** ain’t half so happy/As when he’s out of jail.” By the time the song was first recorded in the 1920s much of that section had been cut, but the verses that have been retained likewise connect to stereotypical representations of Black history, as in the character of “Dinah,” which was a common 19 th century name for a symbolic enslaved woman. While Henry’s folklore overtly identifies his race as part of the story, another late 19 th century folk text has become frustratingly disconnected from its complex cultural origins. While the realities behind this folklore are ambiguous, historians have connected Henry’s story to early 1870s work on the Chesapeake & Ohio (C&O) Railway’s Big Bend Tunnel in Talcott, West Virginia - and have also discovered that Henry himself might well have been incarcerated during Reconstruction and leased by his warden to the C&O Railway. One of the first uniquely American folk heroes was John Henry, the prodigiously strong and seemingly tireless African American railroad worker whose ability to outwork a machine in hammering out a tunnel became the source of countless folktales and songs. Two folk stories from the same late 19 th century period as those first national strikes symbolize the Dream’s idealized myths and far more complex realities. The stories of Black railroad workers, for example, reflect how such communities have embodied both the possibilities and the limits of the American Dream. However this particular labor conflict continues to play out, the moment offers an opportunity for a broader conversation about the multi-layered history of American railroad workers. With the assistance of the Biden Administration’s Department of Labor, the railroad workers’ unions and management seem to have come to a deal that is agreeable to both sides and that would avert a potentially crippling national strike. ![]() And despite all that has changed in the railroad industry and nation alike over the century-and-a-half since those influential early strikes, these 21 st century debates have revealed that railroad workers continue to face extreme and exploitative conditions. Many of America’s first such national collective labor actions in the late 19 th century centered on railroad workers and their unions, from the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 to the Pullman Strike of 1894. In recent weeks, railroad workers have retaken a prominent place in our national conversations over labor rights and collective action. This series by American studies professor Ben Railton explores the connections between America’s past and present. ![]() This home evaluation helps determine the pest control needs for your home. You can also call the customer service line and schedule an appointment for your free pest inspection. To learn more about Home Paramount Pest Control and get started with services, visit their website and type in your zip code to find a location near you. Homeowners can choose year-round protection that’s designed to attack an existing infestation and prevent future ones from thriving. 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A musical adaptation premiered on Broadway in March 2018.ġ6-year-old Cady Heron has spent the past 12 years living in Africa homeschooled by her zoologist parents. The made-for-television sequel Mean Girls 2 premiered on ABC Family on January 23, 2011. Critics praised its direction, screenplay, humor, and performances especially lauded was Lohan's acting, which earned several accolades including three Teen Choice Awards and three MTV Movie & TV Awards, and in 2021, was listed as the 11th-best performance of the 21st century by The New Yorker. ![]() ![]() Released on April 30, 2004, the film grossed $130 million worldwide and developed a cult following. The film marks Lohan's second collaboration with director Waters, the first being Freaky Friday, released a year earlier. Filming took place from September to November 2003. Although set in the Chicago suburb of Evanston, Illinois, the film was mostly shot in Toronto. Fey, screenwriter and co-star of the film, was a long-term cast member and writer for SNL. Saturday Night Live creator Lorne Michaels produced the film. The plot centers on a naïve teenage girl navigating her way through the social hierarchy of a modern American high school after years of her parents homeschooling her while conducting research in Africa. Fey also drew from her own experience at Upper Darby High School as an inspiration for some of the concepts in the film. It is based in part on Rosalind Wiseman's 2002 non-fiction self-help book, Queen Bees and Wannabes, which describes female high school social cliques, school bullying, and the damaging effects they can have on students. The film stars Lindsay Lohan, Rachel McAdams, Lacey Chabert, Amanda Seyfried (in her film debut), Tim Meadows, Ana Gasteyer, Amy Poehler, and Fey. ![]() Mean Girls is a 2004 American teen comedy film directed by Mark Waters and written by Tina Fey. (filename)ĪddHandler menu.Click, AddressOf RecentsClickĮnd Sub Private Sub OpenFileDialog1_FileOk( ByVal sender As System.Object, _īyVal e As ) _ĭim dialog As OpenFileDialog = DirectCast(sender, OpenFileDialog) If ( TypeOf sender Is ToolStripMenuItem = False) Then Return Dim menu As ToolStripMenuItem = CType(sender, _Įnd Sub Private Sub AddToRecents( ByVal filename As String) OpenFileDialog1.Filter = "Text Files (*.txt)|*.txt"Įnd Sub Private Function OpenFile( ByVal filename As String) As Integerĭim data As String = File.ReadAllText(filename)Įnd Function Private Sub RecentsClick( ByVal sender As Object, _ OpenFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "C:TEMP" Private Sub OpenToolStripMenuItem_Click( ByVal sender _ Listing 1: Click Open, select a file, and create a dynamic sub-menu off of the Recent Files menu. When you Open the file, it is read into a TextBox and a dynamic menu is created.įigure 1: A simple text browser containing a multi-line TextBox and a MenuStrip. ![]() The code in Listing 1 is plain old vanilla VB.NET code behind a simple form with a File menu, an Open sub-menu, and a Recent Files sub-menu (see Figure 1). The basic behavior is to open a file and create a dynamic sub-menu with the name of the file and add that menu to the MenuStrip. Even Visual Studio tracks open files and projects in “recents” menus. ~wink~ Creating a Recent Submenu with the MenuStrip If you already know how to do all of these things, I won’t mind if you wait for the next article. It’s also cooler and better housekeeping. After the half-it is football season after all-the dynamic menu is added to a Command class, making the use of this technique a matter of importing the command class in any future application. If you know how to do that, I encourage you to read the article anyway. In this article, I will show you how to dynamically add ToolStripMenuItems to a MenuStrip. The MenuStrip is like a menu, but if you want to add a sub-menu it’s not as easy as invoking Add with an instance of a menu item. For example, if I have a Menu and it has a collection of element-like sub-menus, I am going to look automatically for a collection property and an add method. Re-inventing the wheel makes sense if you go from a rock wheel to a rubber one, but like things are easier to adopt when they are new if they are used like similar things that exist. I am not just talking about patterns like the Gang of Four GoF patterns I mean simple ways that things work too. Patterns are something we can get familiar with, consequently making like-things anticipatable and easier to use. ![]() ![]() While assigned to Adam's Brigade, along with another Arkansas unit, the famed, 11th / 17th Arkansas Mounted Infantry, the battery participated in the capture of the gun boat USS Petrel on April 23, 1864. In the spring of 1864 the battery was assigned to a cavalry brigade commanded by Confederate General Wirt Adams which was operating in the Big Black and Yazoo Country of Mississippi. The unit was criticized by Major General Polk in February 1864 during the Meridian Campaign for failing to properly care for its horses, resulting in the need for replacements. It appears to have been part of the Confederate forces opposing Sherman's Meridan Campaign in early 1864 and it is mentioned in Margie Bearss' book "Sherman's Forgotten Campaign". The unit is mentioned in Ed Bearss three volume set of the Vicksburg campaign. The unit was assigned to Furguson's Brigade of General Nathan Bedford Forrest's Division. On January 1, 1864, the battery is included in a list of light batteries assigned to the Army of the West, commanded by General Leonidas Polk and is listed as being armed with five 6 lb bronze guns and one 3.3 inch bronze gun. Johnston's Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana. Ferguson's cavalry brigade of General Joseph E. On November 20, 1863, the battery was assigned to Brigadier General Samuel W. īy June 30, 1863, the battery had moved back to Okolona, Mississippi. The are all in good condition, well clothed, &c. They also have 100 horses, 16 mules, and 3 baggage wagons. They have five 6-pounder guns (bronze), limbers and caissons for same one battery forge and limber, 500 solid shot, fixed 400 spherical-case, fixed 80 canister, fixed (all for 6-pounders) 3.3-inch shot, 3.3-inch rifle shell, 240 bank cartridges equipments nearly complete all in good condition. Ĭapt Owens' company of light artillery is stationed 1 1\2 miles north of Columbus, on the military road. The unit had apparently reverted to light artillery by January 1, 1863, when General Daniel Ruggles reported. ![]() Altogether the unit would spend almost a year assigned to Columbus. By June 30, 1862, the unit was at Columbus, Mississippi On August 29, 1862, the unit is mentioned as part of the Heavy Artillery at Columbus. An order dated Office Chief of Artillery, Corinth, Mississippi, May 2, 1862, directed Captain Owens, commanding Heavy Artillery, to "report with your company to Major-General Hardee for duty with the siege guns of his command." The unit left Corinth a month later and moved to Okolona, Mississippi. In early April 1862 the battery was at Fort Pillow, above Memphis, and later that month the battery moved to Corinth, Mississippi. The Monticello Artillery was originally organized as a light artillery battery, but as of March 18, 1862, the unit was at Memphis, Tennessee without guns or equipment, but by May 1862 it was referred to as heavy artillery. The battery served east of the Mississippi River for most of the war. In May 1864, armed with two 6 pdr smoothbores, one 3.3" rifle and one 12 pdr howitzer. In the first quarter of 1864, the battery was armed with five 6 pdr bronze smoothbores and one 3.3" rifle. The battery was reorganized for the war on May 15, 1862. In the summer of 1863, a small number of Mississippians from Chickasaw, Lowndes and Monroe counties were recruited by the Monticello Artillery. The vast majority of the men were from Drew County, with smaller numbers from the neighboring counties of Ashley, Bradley and Desha. A total of 188 men served with the Monticello Artillery during the war. Owens served as commander of the battery from February 8, 1862, until his resignation on October 11, 1864, at which time Senior First Lieutenant William C. Based on the earliest dates of enlistment, the battery was apparently "organized at Monticello, Drew County, Arkansas, on February 8, 1862." The battery is occasionally referred to as either the Drew Light Artillery or "Drew's Battery", based on the units association with Drew County, Arkansas, but these references only appear in post war pension records and other articles. ![]() Background graphics (and we mean here supporters on the stadiums, weather and field itself) were refreshed and details look considerably better now. Thanks to that, the faces of the professional football players will look realistic. So, players have been updated, transferred from one team and their appearance has been reproduced once again. 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